Cobporates



Filed Feb. 4, 1928 e Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 10, 1929.

W. E. WILLIAMS HECfI OGRAPH DI JPLICATING COPYING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1928 .6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 10, 1929. v w. E. WILLIAMS HECTOGRAPH DUPLICATING COPYING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1928 .6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Dec. 10, 1929. w. E. WILLIAMS HECTOGRAPH DUPLICATING COPYING MACHINE Filed Feb. 4. 1928 .6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Dec. 10, 1929. w. E. WILLIAMS HECTOGRAPH DUPLICATING comma momma Filed Feb. 4, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 10, 1929. w. E. WILLIAMS HECTOGRAPH DUPLICAI'ING comma momma Filed Feb. 4, 1928 .6 Sheets-Sheet 6 til Patented Dec. 10, 1929 WILLIAM ERASTUS WILLIAMS,

'FES

A CORPORATION oswEsT VIRGINIA p,

HECTOGRAPH DUPLICATING COPYING MACHINE Application filed February My invention relates to machines which use a gelatin pad sheet of the hectograph type which is inthe form ofa band adapted to be rolled from one spindle to another over an impression bed and the machine is provided with an impression carriage carrying a platen-impression roll and adapted to impress paper onto the gelatin pad sheet on the bed, and make copies by this method.

The object of my invention" in general terms is to improve the detailed mechanisms of such a machine in a manner to lessen the cost and increase the efficiency and convenience of operating.

One of the principal objects is to control the platen roll to prevent its revolvingto'displace the register of the sheet to be copied as relates to the master copy which is first laid down on any given portion of thegelatin pad on the bed.

Another object of prime importance is to mount the carriage upon the machine in a manner that it may be freely and'easily operated and be convenient for mounting and dismounting from the bed frame, as desired in transit or for cleaning and for repairing the parts. 7 Another object of the invention is to provide means for raising and lowering the carriage for clearance purposes in training the gelatin pad sheet over the bed and other objects will be described in-det-ail in the body of the specification and set forth in the claims. Reference will be had to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a plan of the machine, in which the right side of this figure is called the front of -the machine, and the left side the rear. and the position of the carriage on the bed in this figure is that shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine looking from the left side of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a plan detail of a part ofthe mechanism which controls the platen roller as the same is moved upward and downward in impressing the paper to the gelatin pad sheet on the bed.

Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation through the impression carriage on line t'4 of Fig. 1 showing the platen roll in a raised position 4, 1928. Serial No. 251,927.

g or WILMETTE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO nr'rro, IN- I .YCOBPORATED, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

Fig. 5 is a similar view to that of Fig. 4 but shows the position of the parts after the paper has partly been impressed by the platen roll onto the gelatin pad sheet, in other words, in the act of impressing the paper to the gelatin pad sheet.

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation on line 6'6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a transverse section on line 7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a vertical elevation at the right side of the machine on line 88 of Fig. 1.

The machine is provided with the side frame members, the left one being indicated by 1 and the right one by 2, and these frame members are supported on legs 3 and are connected across by cross tie bars 4 and a front end tie bar 5. At the top end corners of the frame members 1 and 2 there are secured blocks 6 (see Figs. 6 and 7 to which are fastened bars 7 one on each side upon which there is fastened the iron bed plate 8 by screws 9 which bed plate forms the impression bed of the machine. Over the top of this bed plate there is stretched a felt cloth 10 which has its edges turned under as indicated by 11 and secured to the bed plate, the purpose of the cloth being to furnisha cushion or elastic sheet for the impression service. Over the bed there is stretched a web or gelatin pad sheet 12 extending from a spindle 13 at the rear of the machineup over the roller 14 onto the bed herein generally mentioned as 8 and thence over a crossbar 15 at the front end of the bed which crossbar 15 takes the place of the roller 1%, as it were, of the bed and thence down to the spindle or reel 16 at the front of the machine. Thus the gelatin pad sheet is trained as used from spindle 13110 the spindle 16. These spindles are provided with little gudgeons 17 which at the right side of the machine or the location of the frame member 2 are supported in small holes in blocks 18 secured to spring arms 19 secured to blocks 20 to the frame member 2. The blocks 18 are provided with inclined guiding recesses 21 that assist in directing thegudgeons 17 into perforations in blocks 18 in the act of entering the spindles into position. The left end of the spindles are supported in short shafts 22 (see Fig. 7) at each end of the machine on the left side and these short shafts 22 are mounted in a keeper plate 23 in the side frame of the machine and are provided in the inside 'ith ratchets 24 and 25 respectively, the ratchet 24 being controlled by a pawl 26 and it in 'turn by a bar 27 (see'l ig. 2) connected to an operating handle 28 which permits the disengagement of the pawl 26 from the ratchet 24 as desired. The ratchet is controlled by a pawl 29 and on the outside of the frame member 1 there is provided operating hand wheels .30 and 31 by means of which the'gelatin pad sheet may be moved over the bed 8 as desired, and held in place in any given position. Upon the bars 7 there are mounted rack strips or bars 32 1 and 7) which are provided with perforations 33 on their edges which function as ordinary gear rack teeth. The location of the bars 32 leave apertures 34 at each side of the machine as best observed by Fig. 1. The inipres- 'sion carriage is composed of the end plates 35 and 36 connected together across by a cross frame member 37 which acts as a paper guide forthe paper sheets 38 that aroused in the machine (see Figs. 4 and 5). This cross frame member 37 has end flanges 39 by means of which it is secured in any suitable manner to the end plates35 and 36 and it also has a cross stiffening flange 40 in which there is a slot 41 for the purpose of holding a clamping bolt 42 which clamps the flange 43 of a side paper guide strip plate 44 when has a guide flange 45. The bolt 42 is provided i ith a cam lever 46 by means of which thes-ide paper guide 44 with its flange may readily be adjusted for a side adjustment of the paper sheet38 as the same is insertet in the machine. The impression carriage is supported at its rear end on a shaft 47 extending through the end plates 35 and 36 and the flanges 39 of the cross frame member 37 and the shaft 47 has mounted on each end and fixed thereto to revolve with the shaft, pin gear wheels 48 having pin teeth 49 adapted to engage rack holes 33 in the same manner as an ordinary gear and rack might do, the difference being that the wheels 38 have their tread portions 50'on what is substantially the pitch line were the gears made of the standard gear teeth. The tread portions 50 riding on -top of the rack bars 32 substantially in'the same manner as an ordinary wheel might ride while the pin gear teeth 49 are shaped substantially in the outline of what might be or is a normal addendum of a gear tooth. Thus, as the impression carriage is moved backward and forward over the bed the wheels 48 with their teeth 49 and tread surfaces 50 cause each side of the carriage to move backward and. forward squarely and easily owing to the fact that the said gear wheels 48 are iXGd to the cross shaft 47. On the ends of the shaft 47 there is mounted end plates 51 through the medium of hub blocks 52 secured to the end plates by rivets or other suitable means. T'IO\VGVO1',l1l1GS8 hub blocksmay be cast inte ral if castings are used for these end plates. End plates 51 are provided with flanges 53 which cover up and act as shields for the pin gear wheels 48. The

down into the apertures 34 and the flanges .53

are wanting for this distance and fixed into these lower ends 57 there are small studs 58 on which are mounted little idle wheels 59 (see Fig. 8 which hold the end plates 35 and 36 of the carriage onto the rack bars At their front ends the end plates 35 and 36 of the carriage have short turned over flanges 60 and 61 which when the carriage is'home at the front of the machine abut against rubber abutment blocks 62 and 63 which blocks are secured to peculiarly shaped angle blocks 64 and 65 and these blocks 64 and 65 have projections 66 which extend down through apertures 34 and underneath the bar-s32 (see Figs. 7 and 8) which hold the abutment blocks in position to be slid backward and forward longitudinally on the rack bars 32. Cam hand levers 67 having small cam blocks hinged at 68 clamp the abutment. blocks in any given position backward or forward along the bars 32.

A similar abutment or stock block 69 is supported on the block 70 which is secured by a thumb screw 71 in any desired position along the rack bars 32 for a backward or rear stop for limiting the oute movement of the carriage on the bars 32 (see Fig. 2).

The paper 38 (see Fig.4) which is to be acted upon by the machine is positioned by the operator against a standard margin bar 72 which bar is supported by links 73 hinged at 74 into the bars 7 and the paper is impressed upon the gelatin pad 12 by means of I a rubber faced impression roll 75 which is supported in the bearings in arms 76 and 77 of a yoke composed of the said arms 7 6 and 77 mounted on a hollow shaft 78 (see Fig. 1) which shaft is supported in journal boxes 79 in the end plates 35 and 36 of the carriage. This shaftis vibrated by means of a hand lever 80 having a hand shield 81 and fixed to the shaft 78 in any suitable manner by a block 82 shown in dottedlines in Fig. 5. By this means the platen roll 75 is vibrated across from the position of Fig. 4 to that of Fig. 5 while the body of the carriage itself remains in the position of Fig.4 and then upon the In moving the platen roll from the po sition of Fig. 4 to that of, Fig. 5 the paper is clamped by a clamping roll 83 which is supported by journals in bearing blocks 84 hinged at 85 to the plates 35 and 36 of the carriage and the blocks 84 are provided with lever ends 86 through which bolts 87pass down and thru the cross frame member 3'? and have upon their ends threaded springs 88 adjusted by the nuts 89 to properly produce the spring tension desired for clamping the roll 88 to the platen roll 75. Set screws 90 limit the movement of theclamping roll 83 and prevent any excess movement of the roll 83 out of place when the platen roll is in the position of Fig. 4.

As the platen roll 75 descends from the position of 4- as theoperating handle is moved for that purpose, and as the platen roll 75 pushes the paper in contact with the clamping roll 83, the normal tendency is for the roll 75 to revolve backward or clocl'n ise from the position shown in Fig. 4 and in this movement will displace or withdraw the registration of the paper from the margin bar 72. To prevent such a movement or any move ment of a revolving character of the platen roll 7 5 in its descent from the position of Fig. 4 of clamping the paper there is provided a brake clamping mechanism or dental clutch (as shown in Fig; 3) one member 91 of this brake or dental clutch being secured to the platen roll 75 and the other member 92 be ing mounted on the axis 93 of the platen roll to move longitudinally of the said axis but is prevented from revolving by pins 94 which are secured in apertures in the block 92 and into a lever 95 hinged at 96 to the arm 77 of the main yoke which carries the platen roll 7 5. Thus the lever 95 prevents the revolution of the block 92 and at the same time presses the block 92 when permitted to do so into engagement with the block 91 through the medium of a spring 97 on a pin 98 which is lined in the block 7 7 and passes through a perforationin the lever 95. The other end of the lever 95 at 99 is secured to a projection 100 which is engaged by a shoulder 101 of a peculiarly shaped lever block 102 hinged at 103'to the plate 36 of the carriage (see Figs. 4 and 5). The lever 102 is provided with a lip 104 which is engaged and pressed downward by aspring 105 secured at 106 held downward by a screw 107 wheneverpermitted to do so until this movement is arrested by a pin 108 in end plate 8 The lever 102 is provided with a downwardly extending end 109 (see Figs. 4 and 5) which when the carriage is home backward in position to receive the paper, as shown by Fig. 4. abuts against the abutment block 62 and thereby lifts the lever 102 clear of the pin 108 lifting the spring 105 which then allows the coil spring 9? (see 3) to push the lever 95 to move the block 9;. to engage with the block 91 and thus holds the platen roll 75 from revolving movement in either direction and this engagement of the two blocks 91 and 92 remains in engagement so long as the carriage 'is back against the abutment blocks 62'and which is in the location where-at the paper 38 is placed in the machine. Then after the paper down upon the gelatin and the carriage is'moved forward the first very slight movement forward or outward of the carriage clears the end 109 from the abutment block which then permits the spring 105 to overcome the soring 97 and disengage from ach other the brake or dental clutch blocks 91 and 92 which then permits the platen r0 1 75 to revolve freely in laying down the paper and withdrawing the same on the return stroke of the carriage. Thus the platen roll at all times is permitted to revolve freely without resistance from the brake or dental clutch blocks 91 and 92 save only when the carriage is home, against the abutment blocks 62 and at which position the spring 105 is moved to permit the coil spring 97 to force the blocks 91 and 92 together;

VJ hen the carriage is back in the position of Fig. 4 and the operator commences to move the handle 80 to move the platen roll 75 down to contact with the paper in order to prevent the carriage moving bodily forward in such a movement of the hand lever 80, I provide a delaying spring 110 secured by screws 111 to the block 64 and this spring has a projection 112 which engages th turned over flange 61 of the carriage end plate 36 (see Fig. 1).

As the carriage is moved outward in laying down the paper as shown in Fig. 5 and then withdrawn to draw the strips of paper from the gelatin pad, the action of the handle 80 in withdrawing home of the carriage tends to'lift the platen roll from the gelatin pad 12 and to prevent this lifting movement there is provided at the right end of the hollow shaft 78 and outside the carriage end plate 36 an arm 113 (see Fig. 8) and this arm is engaged by catch blocks 114 two in number, one having a shoulder 115 and the other having a shoulder 116. These catch blocks are hinged on a pin 11? in the plate 36 and are provided with the downwardly extending Then the carriage is dropped down to v away from the position of Figs. i and 8 the blocks 114 drop down bringing their enshoulders 115 and 116 into contact with the end of the lever 113 and thus, as it were, iold the platen roller down onto the gelatin pad at all times wien it has been pushed down and moved forward from the registering); position of Figs. l and 8. Thus insuring that the platen roll will always remain snugly in contact with the gelatin pad portion 12 as the carriage is drawn homeward pulling the paper free of the gelatin pad. The variations between the shoulders 115 and 116 are to insure a close locking of the arm 113 to accommodate wide variations in the thickn of paper used with the machine.

In order enter the end of the latin pad rolls onto and over the impression bed and under an d through the impression carriage. it is necessary to rock the carriage in a manner to lift the platen roll '55 and sl 7S and Compression roll 83 hi gh GUOalQfll to c entrance of the gelatin pad roll spi to do this the carriage is hinged onto Ll plates 51 using the shaft 417 J the said h ing position as shown by 8, the braci-et blocks 120 are fastened to t la cs and resting upon these brackets 120 01 he plates 51 are the lower ends of lovers 121 which fixed on a small shaft which passes through the hollow shaft 78 and tl'ldS the front end of the c rriage is supported when the platen roll is down in working oosition and the carriage is ield downward in this position by means of projections 123 of the lovers 121 which engage notches in the said flanges 53 and thus when the position is that of Fig. 8 the plates 51 35 and 36 of the carriage are lined together which hold the carriage frame in working position of lay on and taking; off the paper from the gelatin pad sheet. However, when is desired to enter the end of a new gelatin pad roll the levers 121 are pulled outward ag ainst the compression of a small spring 12 1- (see Fig. 2) releasing the proiections 123 and thus permitting the Iront end of the carriage or the leftend shown. in 8 to be raised from the position of Figs. l, 5 and 8 to that shown by Fig. 6 and when in position of 6 a catch lever block 125 ench 126 in the flange ,f the left end pl to Q1 {see Fig. 1) and thus holds the up to the position of Fig. 6 which permits clearance underneath the carriage for the admission of the spindles upon which the gelatin pad sheets are wound in training a fresh gelatin pad sheet in the machine. A small spring 127 (see 2) holds the catch block 125 in position when in service of holding; the carriage as shown by 6.

The angement of the pin gears and the perfora s which act as the rack teeth is especially desi ale in a machine of this class as the perfor: Lions will clear themselves of any dirt or foreign matter that may accidentally enter the perforations as the pins of the gears will push this material through the perforations whereas, if ordinary rack teeth are used, there is a constant menace of foreign matter getting; into the base of the teeth and causing trouble. The gelatin pad material used in machines of this class under certain temperatures and conditions of wea her get very gummy and particles are displaced and gum up the machine many times in a very serious manner and these racks as composed of perforations, the gears having pins for. teeth defend against carelessness of all sorts in the use of the machine.

These machines are largely used by boys and girls. many of whom have no idea as to keeping; a machine free from foreign obstrucand dirt of all kinds.

hot only that. the pin gears serve double function since the pins working in pin holes not only hold the carriage squarely as it backward and forward over the bed,

hold the carriage against lateral across the bed thus making run any flanges on the supporting create some friction and wear to some extent and cost more money to build than the gears and raclas by pins and perforations herein set forth.

Further, the perforations may be punched by gang punches and dies and thus make a cheaper construction than is normally pos sible to provide a rack for the same purpose when it is provided that the rack shall be selfclearing, as it were, to the extent that a rack of perforations may clear itself.

Further, were the regular racl: teeth used in place of the perforations as herein shown, the teeth standing up in any relationship as an equivalent of the arrangement shown herein looks badly and the teeth are liable to catch on the sponge and clothing; of the operators since in these machines the gelatin pad is washed and moistened by hand or the moisture, if applied by mechanism, is rubbed in by hand and further in applying the master copy on the machine it is rubber down by hand causing' the operator to move his hands and arms more or less frequently over the bed of the machine and the perforations which act as racks do not in any manner catch on the sponge or clothing of the operator regular racl: teeth might which makes the use of the racks in forms of perforated bars a great desideratum in a machine of this class.

Claims:

1. In machine of the class described, a platen roll, a brake block moving longitudinally of the of the roll and adapted to clamp and prevent rotary movement of the roll as the same is moved bodily up and down impressing the paper onto the gelatin pad 7 other sprin and means for disengaging the said brake block to permit the revolution of the said roll 2. In a device of the class described, a

platen roll, a brake block adapted to clamp the end of the platen roll and prevent its revolution by means of an endwise clamping movement as relates to ti roll, a spring for actuating this clamping movement and anfor releasing the movement and the latter spring adapted to overpower and control the lirst mentioned spring.

In a device of the class described, a platen roll, a bralieblock having dental teeth therein and adapted to be moved longitudinally of the axis of the roll inclamping the said clamping roll from revolving movement and means for disengaging the said clamping means of the said brake block.

l. In adevice of the class described, a

platen roll, mechanism for clamping the said platen roll to'prevent. rotary movement and said clamping mechanism moving endwise as relates to the length of the platen roll, a spring mechanism for engaging the said clamping mechanism and a spring mechanism for disengaging the said clamping mechanism and a stop block for disengaging the said last mentioned spring mechanism whereby the first mentioned spring mechanism is permitted to act in the clamping function.

5. In a device of the class described, an impression carriage, a platen roll mounted in said carriage, means for raising and lowering the said platen, roll in the function of im pressing paper on the gelatin pad sheet, a brake mechanism for preventing revolution of the said platen roll in the act of clamping the paper to the gelatin pad sheet, said brake mechanism moving endwise of the roll, a spring mechanism for engaging the said brake mechanism, a lever mounted on the said carriage and actuated by a springand provided with means for engaging and releasing the said brake mechanism and a block on the frame of the machine adapted to engage the said lever as the carriage is brought to. home registering position against the said block.

6.111 a machine of the class described, a alaten roll adapted to be raised and lowered bodily in impressing the paper to a gelatin pad. a brake mechanism for preventing the revolution of the said platen roll in the movement of impressing the paper upon the said pad, said brake mechanism provided with a brake block mounted to slide longitudinally on the shaft of'the said platen roll and said brake block held from revolution by means of a lever hinged to the yoke which carries the platen roll and said lever actuated by a spring to move the said brake block to braking engagement and said lever to move to disenga ethe said brake block by a'secondary lever'hinged to the carriage in which the said yoke is supported andsaid secondary lever actuated in one direction bya spring and in the other direction by contact with a block on the main frame of the machine.

7. In a machine of the class described, an impression bed on which there is mounted a gelatin pad with trackways on each side of the said bed, the said trackways provided with.perforations arranged to act in the place of rack teeth,v a carriage mounted over and across the said. bed and provided with pin gears one for each trackway and mounted and lined to a shaft extending across the bed and upon which an impression carriage is mounted, and said pin gears adapted to'engage the said perforations which perform the function of racks, said gears being arranged in sets of two at each end of said carriage Whereby said carriage is held in proper alignment during its movement along said bed.

8. In a machine of the class described, an impression bed, trackways on each side of said bed upon which an impression carriage lSlHOUnt-Qil, perforations in the said trackways acting as rack teeth and adapted to be engaged by gears and said gears mounted on and supporting an impression carriage, said gears being arranged in sets of two at each end of said carriage whereby said carriage is held in proper alignment during its movement along said bed.

9. In a machine of the class described, an impression bed, trackways on each side of the said bed provided with perforations adapted to act in place of rack teeth, an impression carriage mounted on a shaft extending across the said bed and having gear wheels fixed to the said shaft and teeth adapted to engage the said perforations in the said trackways, end plates mounted on the ends of the said shaft and also having gear wheels fixed to the said end plates and adapted to engage the perforations in the said trackways and locking means for locking the frame of the carriage in different positions about the said cross shaft as a hinge center as relates to the said end plates.

10. In a machine of the class described, an impression bed, trackways on each side of the said bed provided with perforations adapted to act as rack teeth, an impression carriage mounted over the said bed and mounted on a cross shaft and said cross shaft having wheels with teeth adapted to ride upon the said trackways and the teeth engaging said perforations, end plates mounted on the said shaft and extending down over the edges of the said trackways and provided with anti-friction rollers engaging underneath the said trackways and with secondary idle wheels riding on the tops of the said t-rackways and supported on studs in the said end plates.

11. In a machine of the class described,

an imp ession bed traekways on each side ofsaid bed provided with perforations adaptedto act as'raek teeth, an" impression carriage mounted over said bed and mounted on a cross-sh aft and said cross shaft having wheels with teeth adapted to ride upon said track- Ways and the teeth engaging said perforations, and end plates mounted on said shaft and extending down over the edges of said ti-aeki va'ys and provided With abutment means disposed underneath said trackways to limit lifting movement of said carriage and'with secondary idle Wheels riding on the tops of said trackways and supported on studs in said end plates.

Signed at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, this'16th day of Janumy, 1928. p r H p WILLIAM ERASTUS WVILLIA'MS. 

